The climate of a retrograde rotating earth (In open review for Earth System 
Dynamics)

Mikolajewicz, Uwe; Ziemen, Florian; Cioni, Guido; Claussen, Martin; Fraedrich, Klaus F.; Heidkamp, Marvin; Hohenegger, Cathy; de la Cuesta, Diego Jimenez; Kapsch, Marie-Luise; Lemburg, Alexander; Mauritsen, Thorsten; Meraner, Katharina; Röber, Niklas; Schmidt, Hauke; Six, Katharina D.; Stemmler, Irene; Tamarin-Brodsky, Talia; Winkler, Alexander; Zhu, Xiuhua; Stevens, Bjorn

doi:10.5194/esd-2018-31

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The climate of a retrograde rotating earth (In open review for Earth System Dynamics)

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons37265

Mikolajewicz, Uwe
Ocean Physics, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons104729

Ziemen, Florian
Ocean Physics, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons198619

Cioni, Guido
Hans Ertel Research Group Clouds and Convection, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37123

Claussen, Martin
Director’s Research Group LES, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37148

Fraedrich, Klaus F.
MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

Heidkamp, Marvin
Ocean Physics, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons59492

Hohenegger, Cathy
Hans Ertel Research Group Clouds and Convection, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

de la Cuesta, Diego Jimenez
Climate Dynamics, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

Kapsch, Marie-Luise
Ocean Physics, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

Lemburg, Alexander
Director’s Research Group LES, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37260

Mauritsen, Thorsten
Climate Dynamics, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons188622

Meraner, Katharina
Middle and Upper Atmosphere, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37320

Schmidt, Hauke
Middle and Upper Atmosphere, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37340

Six, Katharina D.
Ocean Biogeochemistry, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37346

Stemmler, Irene
Ocean Biogeochemistry, The Ocean in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206006

Winkler, Alexander
Climate-Biogeosphere Interaction, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;
IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37347

Stevens, Bjorn
Director’s Research Group AES, The Atmosphere in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

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https://cera-www.dkrz.de/WDCC/ui/cerasearch/entry?acronym=DKRZ_LTA_110_ds00001
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Citation

Mikolajewicz, U., Ziemen, F., Cioni, G., Claussen, M., Fraedrich, K. F., Heidkamp, M., et al. (submitted). The climate of a retrograde rotating earth (In open review for Earth System Dynamics).

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-55A0-A

Abstract

To enhance the understanding of our Earth system numerical experiments are performed contrasting a retrograde and prograde rotating Earth using the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. The experiments show that the sense of rotation has relatively little impact on the globally and zonally averaged energy budgets, but leads to large shifts in continental climates, patterns of precipitation, and the structure of the ocean overturning circulation. Most changes in the continental climate are expected, given ideas developed more than a hundred years ago: A general switch in the nature of the Euro-African climate with that of the Americas due to the reversal of the wind systems and the associated changes in storm tracks. However, the shift of storm track activity from the oceans to the land in the Northern hemisphere is surprising. Different patterns of storms influence fresh water transport, which may underpin the change of the role of the North Atlantic and the Pacific in terms of deep water formation, overturning and northward oceanic heat transport. These changes greatly influence northern hemispheric climate and atmospheric heat transport by eddies in ways that appear energetically consistent with a southward shift of the zonally and annually averaged tropical rain bands. Differences between the zonally averaged energy budget and the rain band shifts leave the door open, however, for an important role for stationary eddies in determining the position of tropical rains. Changes in ocean biogeochemistry largely follow shifts in ocean circulation, but the emergence of a "super" oxygen minimum zone in the Indian Ocean is surprising. The upwelling of phosphate enriched and nitrate depleted water provoke a dominance of cyanobacteria over bulk phytoplankton over vast areas, a phenomenon not observed in the prograde model.