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Abstract

This paper provides a brief perspective of the Groenewald gang in the broader wildlife crime context before assessing whether the case presents an exception or a common trend. In a second step, the legislative and institutional loopholes are discussed. The paper also assesses whether regulators are aware of the scheme and what measures have been taken to address this. Finally, an assessment is made whether “gray” nodes (legal players who participate in illegal activities) are dealt within the most expedient manner and what lessons could be learned from the model.