Nanostructuring of Au(111) during the Adsorption of an Aromatic Isocyanide from 
Solution

Ghalgaoui, Ahmed; Doudin, Nassar; Sterrer, Martin

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03759

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Nanostructuring of Au(111) during the Adsorption of an Aromatic Isocyanide from Solution

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Ghalgaoui, Ahmed
Chemical Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Physics, University of Graz;

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Sterrer, Martin
Chemical Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Physics, University of Graz;

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Citation

Ghalgaoui, A., Doudin, N., & Sterrer, M. (2017). Nanostructuring of Au(111) during the Adsorption of an Aromatic Isocyanide from Solution. Langmuir, 33(1), 91-99. doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03759.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002C-8349-A

Abstract

We present a combined vibrational and morphological characterization of the self-assembly of 1,4-phenylene-diisocyanide (PDI) on Au(111) from methanol solution. Vibrational sum frequency generation (vSFG) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been applied to determine the adsorption geometry of the PDI-Au adatom complexes as well as the morphological transformations of the Au(111) substrate upon SAM formation from solutions with PDI concentrations in the μM to mM range. At low concentration/coverage, PDI adsorbs in flat adsorption geometry, with both isocyanide groups attached to Au adatoms on the Au(111) surface. Transformation to a standing-up phase is observed with increasing concentration/coverage. In contrast to findings for PDI adsorbed in ultrahigh vacuum, PDI does not form a long-range-ordered monolayer phase when adsorbed from solution. In addition, the Au(111) surface is subjected to structural modifications. Au vacancy islands and ad-islands, which are typical substrate defects formed during the self-assembly of aromatic thiols on Au(111), are also created during PDI adsorption from solution. At low PDI concentration, the Au vacancy islands and ad-islands are found at specific sites mediated by the herringbone reconstruction of the Au(111) surface, giving rise to long-range-ordered structures. These structures do not form during UHV adsorption of PDI on Au(111) nor has a similar ordering effect been observed for any related thiol-SAM system investigated so far.