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A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states

MPS-Authors
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Gabriel,  Christian
Quantum Information Processing, Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

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Wittmann,  Christoffer
Quantum Information Processing, Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons201208

Sych,  Denis
Optics Theory Group, Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

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Mauerer,  Wolfgang
Silberhorn Research Group, Research Groups, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

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Andersen,  Ulrik L.
Quantum Information Processing, Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

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Marquardt,  Christoph
Quantum Information Processing, Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons201115

Leuchs,  Gerd
Leuchs Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Gabriel, C., Wittmann, C., Sych, D., Dong, R., Mauerer, W., Andersen, U. L., et al. (2010). A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states. NATURE PHOTONICS, 4(10), 711-715. doi:10.1038/NPHOTON.2010.197.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-6AA9-A
Abstract
Random numbers are a valuable component in diverse applications that range from simulations(1) over gambling to cryptography(2,3). The quest for true randomness in these applications has engendered a large variety of different proposals for producing random numbers based on the foundational unpredictability of quantum mechanics(4-11). However, most approaches do not consider that a potential adversary could have knowledge about the generated numbers, so the numbers are not verifiably random and unique(12-15). Here we present a simple experimental setup based on homodyne measurements that uses the purity of a continuous-variable quantum vacuum state to generate unique random numbers. We use the intrinsic randomness in measuring the quadratures of a mode in the lowest energy vacuum state, which cannot be correlated to any other state. The simplicity of our source, combined with its verifiably unique randomness, are important attributes for achieving high-reliability, high-speed and low-cost quantum random number generators.