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PCR digitale en micro-compartiments I. Détection sensible de séquences d’acides nucléiques rares [Digital PCR compartmentalization. I. Single molecule detection of rare mutations]

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Pekin,  Deniz
Max Planck Research Group Droplets, Membranes and Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Max Planck Society;

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Baret,  Jean-Christophe
Max Planck Research Group Droplets, Membranes and Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Perez-Toralla, K., Pekin, D., Bartolo, J. F., Garlan, F., Nizard, P., Laurent-Puig, P., et al. (2015). PCR digitale en micro-compartiments I. Détection sensible de séquences d’acides nucléiques rares [Digital PCR compartmentalization. I. Single molecule detection of rare mutations]. Médecine/Sciences, 31(1), 84-92. doi:10.1051/medsci/20153101017.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002A-39A3-4
Abstract
La détection efficace d’altérations génétiques dans les domaines de la cancérologie, de la virologie ou du diagnostic prénatal requiert des niveaux de sensibilité et de spécificité hors de portée des technologies conventionnelles. En réalisant l’amplification de molécules d’ADN uniques dans des compartiments indépendants, la PCR digitale (dPCR) en systèmes microfluidiques permet de dépasser ces limitations et de suivre ces marqueurs dans les fluides biologiques. Après une présentation non exhaustive des technologies disponibles, cette revue présentera leur impact potentiel pour des applications biomédicales, notamment dans la prise en charge des patients atteints de cancers. // Polymerase chain reaction based techniques have been widely used in laboratory settings. Several applications in oncology, virology or prenatal diagnosis require highly sensitive detection methods, which cannot be achieved with conventional techniques. Digital PCR (dPCR) was developed from the association of PCR and limiting dilution procedures. It is based on the compartmentalization of DNA molecules in small volumes. Controlling the size and the content of each compartment is crucial to obtain a high sensitivity with a single molecule resolution. Microfluidics offers promising tools to isolate DNA fragments such as microdroplets, microchambers or microwells with volumes ranging from few picoliters to nanoliters. The review provides an overview of recent developments of microfluidics dPCR platforms and how this technology can influence the management of cancer patients.