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Abstract

Multi-centre-bonds as well as conventional two-centre two-electron bonds are the basis for charged or uncharged homoatomic molecules of the heavy main-group elements bismuth, selenium and tellurium. In many cases these homoatomic species are not fairly isolated in the structures but make use of their paired or unpaired p-electrons and, if available, of their pi-systems to establish (strong) heteropolar covalent donor bonds to metal cations. Such coordination can have retroactive effect on the bonding inside the ligand and even stabilises new homonuclear species such as the Bi-10(4+) antiprism or the Te-10-tricycle. Moreover, these homoatomic ligands can be highly connecting, since all of their atoms are potential donors. Here we give an overview of recent developments in the coordination chemistry of oligo- and polyatomic selenium, tellurium and bismuth ligands. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.