Lorentz meets Fano spectral line shapes: A universal phase and its laser control

Ott, Christian Reinhold; Kaldun, Andreas; Raith, Philipp; Meyer, Kristina; Laux, Martin; Evers, Jörg; Keitel, Christoph H.; Greene, Chris H.; Pfeifer, Thomas

doi:10.1126/science.1234407

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Lorentz meets Fano spectral line shapes: A universal phase and its laser control

MPS-Authors

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Ott, Christian Reinhold
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Kaldun, Andreas
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30920

Raith, Philipp
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37848

Meyer, Kristina
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons37852

Laux, Martin
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30455

Evers, Jörg
Division Prof. Dr. Christoph H. Keitel, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30659

Keitel, Christoph H.
Division Prof. Dr. Christoph H. Keitel, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons30892

Pfeifer, Thomas
Center for Quantum Dynamics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg,;
Thomas Pfeifer - Independent Junior Research Group, Junior Research Groups, MPI for Nuclear Physics, Max Planck Society;

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http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6133/716
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1301.1454.pdf
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Citation

Ott, C. R., Kaldun, A., Raith, P., Meyer, K., Laux, M., Evers, J., et al. (2013). Lorentz meets Fano spectral line shapes: A universal phase and its laser control. Science, 340(6133), 716-720. doi:10.1126/science.1234407.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0013-F556-B

Abstract

Symmetric Lorentzian and asymmetric Fano line shapes are fundamental spectroscopic signatures that quantify the structural and dynamical properties of nuclei, atoms, molecules, and solids. This study introduces a universal temporal-phase formalism, mapping the Fano asymmetry parameter q to a phase {\phi} of the time-dependent dipole-response function. The formalism is confirmed experimentally by laser-transforming Fano absorption lines of autoionizing helium into Lorentzian lines after attosecond-pulsed excitation. We also prove the inverse, the transformation of a naturally Lorentzian line into a Fano profile. A further application of this formalism amplifies resonantly interacting extreme-ultraviolet light by quantum-phase control. The quantum phase of excited states and its response to interactions can thus be extracted from line-shape analysis, with scientific applications in many branches of spectroscopy.