Huh? What? – A first survey in 21 languages

Enfield, N. J.; Dingemanse, Mark; Baranova, Julija; Blythe, Joe; Brown, Penelope; Dirksmeyer, Tyko; Drew, Paul; Floyd, Simeon; Gipper, Sonja; Gisladottir, Rosa S.; Hoymann, Gertie; Kendrick, Kobin H.; Levinson, Stephen C.; Magyari, Lilla; Manrique, Elizabeth; Rossi, Giovanni; San Roque, Lila; Torreira, Francisco

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511757464.012

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Huh? What? – A first survey in 21 languages

MPG-Autoren

/persons/resource/persons51

Enfield, N. J.
Human Sociality and Systems of Language Use, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language documentation and data mining;

/persons/resource/persons42

Dingemanse, Mark
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language documentation and data mining;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons38002

Baranova, Julija
Human Sociality and Systems of Language Use, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language documentation and data mining;

/persons/resource/persons4368

Blythe, Joe
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language documentation and data mining;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons18

Brown, Penelope
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Language documentation and data mining;
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons1182

Dirksmeyer, Tyko
International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL;
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4352

Floyd, Simeon
Human Sociality and Systems of Language Use, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons1221

Gipper, Sonja
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons39429

Gisladottir, Rosa S.
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL;

/persons/resource/persons78

Hoymann, Gertie
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4391

Kendrick, Kobin H.
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons116

Levinson, Stephen C.
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Human Sociality and Systems of Language Use, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour;
INTERACT, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons118

Magyari, Lilla
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons38011

Manrique, Elizabeth
Human Sociality and Systems of Language Use, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL;

/persons/resource/persons4564

Rossi, Giovanni
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4432

San Roque, Lila
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons1472

Torreira, Francisco
Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
Interactional Foundations of Language, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;
INTERACT, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society;

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Enfield et al. - 2013 - Huh What A first survey in 21 languages
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Zitation

Enfield, N. J., Dingemanse, M., Baranova, J., Blythe, J., Brown, P., Dirksmeyer, T., et al. (2013). Huh? What? – A first survey in 21 languages. In M. Hayashi, G. Raymond, & J. Sidnell (Eds.), Conversational repair and human understanding (pp. 343-380). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Zitierlink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0012-3289-8

Zusammenfassung

Introduction A comparison of conversation in twenty-one languages from around the world reveals commonalities and differences in the way that people do open-class other-initiation of repair (Schegloff, Jefferson, and Sacks, 1977; Drew, 1997). We find that speakers of all of the spoken languages in the sample make use of a primary interjection strategy (in English it is Huh?), where the phonetic form of the interjection is strikingly similar across the languages: a monosyllable featuring an open non-back vowel [a, æ, ə, ʌ], often nasalized, usually with rising intonation and sometimes an [h-] onset. We also find that most of the languages have another strategy for open-class other-initiation of repair, namely the use of a question word (usually “what”). Here we find significantly more variation across the languages. The phonetic form of the question word involved is completely different from language to language: e.g., English [wɑt] versus Cha'palaa [ti] versus Duna [aki]. Furthermore, the grammatical structure in which the repair-initiating question word can or must be expressed varies within and across languages. In this chapter we present data on these two strategies – primary interjections like Huh? and question words like What? – with discussion of possible reasons for the similarities and differences across the languages. We explore some implications for the notion of repair as a system, in the context of research on the typology of language use. The general outline of this chapter is as follows. We first discuss repair as a system across languages and then introduce the focus of the chapter: open-class other-initiation of repair. A discussion of the main findings follows, where we identify two alternative strategies in the data: an interjection strategy (Huh?) and a question word strategy (What?). Formal features and possible motivations are discussed for the interjection strategy and the question word strategy in order. A final section discusses bodily behavior including posture, eyebrow movements and eye gaze, both in spoken languages and in a sign language.