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Structural and functional studies of titin‘s fn3 modules reveal conserved surface patterns and binding to myosin S1: a possible role in the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart

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Citation

Muhle-Goll, C., Habeck, M., Carzola, O., Nilges, M., Labeit, S., & Granzier, H. (2001). Structural and functional studies of titin‘s fn3 modules reveal conserved surface patterns and binding to myosin S1: a possible role in the Frank-Starling mechanism of the heart. Journal of Molecular Biology (London), 313(2), 431-447. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5017.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0013-E1F2-0
Abstract
The A-band part of titin, a striated-muscle specific protein spanning from the Z-line to the M-line, mainly consists of a well-ordered super-repeat array of immunoglobulin-like and fibronectin-type III (fn3)-like domains. Since it has been suspected that the fn3 domains might represent titin‘s binding sites to myosin, we have developed structural models for all of titin‘s 132 fn3-like domains. A subset of eight experimentally determined fn3 structures from a range of proteins, including titin itself, was used as homology templates. After grouping the models according to their position within the super-repeat segment of the central A-band titin region, we analyzed the models with respect to side-chain conservation. This showed that conserved residues form an extensive surface pattern predominantly at one side of the domains, whereas domains outside the central C-zone super-repeat region show generally less conserved surfaces. Since the conserved surface residues may function as protein-binding sites, we experimentally studied the binding properties of expressed multi-domain fn3 fragments. This revealed that fn3 fragments specifically bind to the sub-fragment 1 of myosin. We also measured the effect of fn3 fragments on the contractile properties of single cardiac myocytes. At sub-maximal Ca(2+) concentrations, fn3 fragments significantly enhance active tension. This effect is most pronounced at short sarcomere length, and as a result the length-dependence of Ca(2+) activation is reduced. A model of how titin‘s fn3-like domains may influence actomyosin interaction is proposed.