Modeling bio-geophysical feedback in the African and Indian monsoon region

Claussen, Martin

doi:10.1007/s003820050164

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Modeling bio-geophysical feedback in the African and Indian monsoon region

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Claussen, Martin
Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK);
MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society;

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Claussen, M. (1997). Modeling bio-geophysical feedback in the African and Indian monsoon region. Climate Dynamics, 13, 247-257. doi:10.1007/s003820050164.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-000E-7360-6

Abstract

An asynchronously coupled global atmosphere-biome model is used to assess the dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel, Saudi-Arabia and the Indian subcontinent. Under present-day conditions of solar irradiation and sea-surface temperatures, the model finds two solutions: the first solution yields the present-day distribution of vegetation and deserts and the second shows a northward spread of savanna and xerophytic shrub of some 600 km, particularly in the southwest Sahara. Comparison of atmospheric states associated with these solutions corroborates Charney's theory of a self-induction of deserts through albedo enhancement in the Sahel. Over the Indian subcontinent, changes in vegetation are mainly caused by a positive feedback between increased soil moisture and stronger summer monsoon.