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Five-component mixtures HâO-oil-nonionic amphiphile-ionic amphiphile-salt may separate into three liquid phases. In this three-phase body one finds the highest mutual solubility between HâO and oil, combined with the lowest interfacial tension between the aqueous and the oil-rich phase. The position of the three-phase body on the temperature scale as well as its extensions depends systematically on the nature of the components, on the ratio between the nonionic and ionic amphiphile, as well as on the brine concentration. An empirical description of the phase behavior is presented that permits qualitative predictions as to the temperature at which to find the three-phase body and what efficiency of the amphiphiles to expect.
Phase behavior of quinary mixtures of the type H2O-oil-nonionic amphiphile-ionic amphiphile-salt. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/243657716_Phase_behavior_of_quinary_mixtures_of_the_type_H2O-oil-nonionic_amphiphile-ionic_amphiphile-salt [accessed Sep 18, 2017].
