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  Design and analysis of three-arm trials with negative binomially distributed endpoints.

Mütze, T., Munk, A., & Friede, T. (2016). Design and analysis of three-arm trials with negative binomially distributed endpoints. Statistics in Medicine, 35(4), 505-521. doi:10.1002/sim.6738.

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 Creators:
Mütze, T., Author
Munk, A.1, Author           
Friede, T., Author
Affiliations:
1Research Group of Statistical Inverse-Problems in Biophysics, MPI for biophysical chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1113580              

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Free keywords: negative binomial distribution; non-inferiority; restricted maximum likelihood; superiority; three-arm trial
 Abstract: A three-arm clinical trial design with an experimental treatment, an active control, and a placebo control, commonly referred to as the gold standard design, enables testing of non-inferiority or superiority of the experimental treatment compared with the active control. In this paper, we propose methods for designing and analyzing three-arm trials with negative binomially distributed endpoints. In particular, we develop a Wald-type test with a restricted maximum-likelihood variance estimator for testing non-inferiority or superiority. For this test, sample size and power formulas as well as optimal sample size allocations will be derived. The performance of the proposed test will be assessed in an extensive simulation study with regard to type I error rate, power, sample size, and sample size allocation. For the purpose of comparison, Wald-type statistics with a sample variance estimator and an unrestricted maximum-likelihood estimator are included in the simulation study. We found that the proposed Wald-type test with a restricted variance estimator performed well across the considered scenarios and is therefore recommended for application in clinical trials. The methods proposed are motivated and illustrated by a recent clinical trial in multiple sclerosis. The R package Three Armed Trials, which implements the methods discussed in this paper, is available on CRAN.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2015-09-212016-02-20
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1002/sim.6738
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Title: Statistics in Medicine
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 35 (4) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 505 - 521 Identifier: -