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  Geographical patterns of the standing and active human gut microbiome in health and IBD

Rehman, A., Rausch, P., Wang, J., Skieceviciene, J., Kiudelis, G., Bhagalia, K., et al. (2016). Geographical patterns of the standing and active human gut microbiome in health and IBD. Gut, 65, 238-248. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308341.

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 Creators:
Rehman, Ateequr, Author
Rausch, Philipp1, Author           
Wang, Jun1, Author           
Skieceviciene, Jurgita, Author
Kiudelis, Gediminas, Author
Bhagalia, Ketan, Author
Amarapurkar, Deepak, Author
Kupcinskas, Limas, Author
Schreiber, Stefan, Author
Rosenstiel, Philip, Author
Baines, John F.1, Author           
Ott, Stephan, Author
Affiliations:
1Guest Group Evolutionary Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society, ou_1445638              

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 Abstract: Objective A global increase of IBD has been reported, especially in countries that previously had low incidence rates. Also, the knowledge of the human gut microbiome is steadily increasing, however, limited information regarding its variation on a global scale is available. In the light of the microbial involvement in IBDs, we aimed to (1) identify shared and distinct IBD-associated mucosal microbiota patterns from different geographical regions including Europe (Germany, Lithuania) and South Asia (India) and (2) determine whether profiling based on 16S rRNA transcripts provides additional resolution, both of which may hold important clinical relevance.

Design In this study, we analyse a set of 89 mucosal biopsies sampled from individuals of German, Lithuanian and Indian origins, using bacterial community profiling of a roughly equal number of healthy controls, patients with Crohn's disease and UC from each location, and analyse 16S rDNA and rRNA as proxies for standing and active microbial community structure, respectively.

Results We find pronounced population-specific as well as general disease patterns in the major phyla and patterns of diversity, which differ between the standing and active communities. The geographical origin of samples dominates the patterns of β diversity with locally restricted disease clusters and more pronounced effects in the active microbial communities. However, two genera belonging to the Clostridium leptum subgroup, Faecalibacteria and Papillibacter, display consistent patterns with respect to disease status and may thus serve as reliable ‘microbiomarkers’.

Conclusions These analyses reveal important interactions of patients’ geographical origin and disease in the interpretation of disease-associated changes in microbial communities and highlight the added value of analysing communities on both the 16S rRNA gene (DNA) and transcript (RNA) level.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2014-11-192014-09-252014-11-302015-01-072016
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308341
 Degree: -

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Title: Gut
  Other : Gut
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London : British Medical Association
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 65 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 238 - 248 Identifier: ISSN: 0017-5749 (print)
ISSN: 1468-3288 (online)
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925402606