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  From Berlin-Dahlem to the Fronts of World War I: The Role of Fritz Haber and his Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in German Chemical Warfare

Friedrich, B., & James, J. (2017). From Berlin-Dahlem to the Fronts of World War I: The Role of Fritz Haber and his Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in German Chemical Warfare. In B. Friedrich, D. Hoffmann, J. Renn, F. Schmaltz, & M. Wolf (Eds.), One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences (pp. 25-44). Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-51664-6_3.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-7FFC-B Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-4CCB-6
Genre: Book Chapter

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10.1007_978-3-319-51664-6_3.pdf (Publisher version), 791KB
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2017
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 Creators:
Friedrich, Bretislav1, Author           
James, Jeremiah2, Author           
Affiliations:
1Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society, ou_634545              
2Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society, ou_24023              

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 Abstract: There is little doubt that Fritz Haber (1868–1934) was the driving force behind the centrally directed development of chemical warfare in Germany, whose use during World War I violated international law and elicited both immediate and enduring moral criticism. The chlorine cloud attack at Ypres on 22 April 1915 amounted to the first use of a weapon of mass destruction and as such marks a turning point in world history. Following the “success” at Ypres, Haber, eager to employ science in resolving the greatest strategic challenge of the war—the stalemate of trench warfare—promptly transformed his Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin-Dahlem into a center for the development of chemical weapons and of protective measures against them. This article traces in some detail the path from Berlin-Dahlem to the fronts of World War I, lays out the indispensible role of Fritz Haber in German chemical warfare and provides a summary of his views on chemical weapons, which he never renounced.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2017-11-282017-12
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 20
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51664-6_3
 Degree: -

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Title: One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences
Source Genre: Book
 Creator(s):
Friedrich, Bretislav, Editor
Hoffmann, Dieter, Editor
Renn, Jürgen, Editor
Schmaltz, Florian, Editor
Wolf, Martin, Editor
Affiliations:
-
Publ. Info: Cham : Springer
Pages: XI, 408 Volume / Issue: - Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 25 - 44 Identifier: ISBN: 978-3-319-51664-6
ISBN: 978-3-319-51663-9
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51664-6