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  One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences

Hoffmann, D., Renn, J., & Schmaltz, F. (2017). One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences (B. Friedrich, & M. Wolf, Eds.). Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-51664-6.

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CC BY-NC 2.5
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 Creators:
Friedrich, Bretislav1, Editor           
Hoffmann, Dieter2, Author
Renn, Jürgen2, Author
Schmaltz, Florian2, Author
Wolf, Martin3, Editor           
Affiliations:
1Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society, ou_634545              
2Department Structural Changes in Systems of Knowledge, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Max Planck Society, ou_2266695              
3Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society, ou_634546              

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 Abstract: On April 22, 1915, the German military released 167 tons of chlorine gas at Ypres, Belgium. Carried by a long-awaited wind, the chlorine cloud passed within a few minutes through the British and French trenches, leaving behind at least 1,000 dead and 4,000 injured. This chemical attack, which amounted to the first use of a weapon of mass destruction, marks a turning point in world history. The preparation as well as the execution of the gas attack was orchestrated by Fritz Haber, the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin-Dahlem. During World War I, Haber transformed his research institute into a center for the development of chemical weapons (and of the means of protection against them).

Bretislav Friedrich and Martin Wolf (Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, the successor institution of Haber’s institute) together with Dieter Hoffmann, Jürgen Renn, and Florian Schmaltz (Max Planck Institute for the History of Science) organised an international symposium to commemorate the centenary of the infamous chemical attack. The symposium examined crucial facets of chemical warfare from the first research on and deployment of chemical weapons in WWI to the development and use of chemical warfare during the century hence. The focus was on scientific, ethical, legal, and political issues of chemical weapons research and deployment — including the issue of dual use — as well as the ongoing effort to control the possession of chemical weapons and to ultimately achieve their elimination.

The Proceedings volume consists of papers presented at the symposium and supplemented by additional articles that together cover key aspects of chemical warfare from 22 April 1915 until the summer of 2015.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 20172017-11
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: XI, 408
 Publishing info: Cham : Springer
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: ISBN: 978-3-319-51664-6
ISBN: 978-3-319-51663-9
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51664-6
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