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Abstract:
Theory-of-Mind, or mentalising, is defined as a cognitive process used to understand other peoples' actions based on
mental states. Two main theories of mentalising have been much discussed in recent years: Simulation Theory (e.g.
Goldman 1993; Gallese and Goldman 1998), and Theory-Theory (e.g. Gopnik 1993). Models derived from these ideas
and integrating neuroscience findings have been proposed since (e.g. Frith and Frith 1999; Blakemore and Decety
2001; Wolpert, Doya and Kawato 2003). Here we use the main idea from one of these models (Wolpert et al 2003) to
propose a tentative model of mentalising based on action prediction and semantic representation. We also review a
few neuroimaging studies of the processes involved in the model.
