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  Pollen-based reconstructions of biome distributions for Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAPAC region) at 0, 6000 and 18,000 14C yr BP

Pickett, E. J., Harrison, S. P., Hope, G., Harle, K., Dodson, J. R., Kershaw, A. P., et al. (2004). Pollen-based reconstructions of biome distributions for Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAPAC region) at 0, 6000 and 18,000 14C yr BP. Journal of Biogeography, 31(9), 1381-1444.

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Pickett, E. J.1, Author           
Harrison, S. P.1, Author           
Hope, G., Author
Harle, K., Author
Dodson, J. R., Author
Kershaw, A. P., Author
Prentice, I. C.2, Author           
Backhouse, J., Author
Colhoun, E. A., Author
D'costa, D., Author
Flenley, J., Author
Grindrod, J., Author
Haberle, S., Author
Hassell, C., Author
Kenyon, C., Author
Macphail, M., Author
Martin, H., Author
Martin, A. H., Author
Mckenzie, M., Author
Newsome, J. C., Author
Penny, D., AuthorPowell, J., AuthorRaine, J. I., AuthorSouthern, W., AuthorStevenson, J., AuthorSutra, Jean-Pierre, AuthorThomas, Ian, AuthorVan Der Kaars, Sander, AuthorWard, Jerome, Author more..
Affiliations:
1Research Group Paleo-Climatology, Dr. S. P. Harrison, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1497765              
2Department Biogeochemical Synthesis, Prof. C. Prentice, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1497753              

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Free keywords: Biomization Palaeovegetation patterns Palaeoclimate reconstructions Plant functional types Drought-limited biomes Mid-holocene Last glacial maximum Temperate rain forests Papua-new-guinea Holocene vegetation history Late quaternary vegetation Late pleistocene vegetation North-eastern queensland Cunninghamii hook oerst Plant macrofossil data Western tasmania Environmental-change
 Abstract: Aim This paper documents reconstructions of the vegetation patterns in Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAPAC region) in the mid-Holocene and at the last glacial maximum (LGM). using an objective biomization scheme based on plant functional types. The biomization scheme was first tested using 535 modern pollen samples from 377 sites, and then applied unchanged to fossil pollen samples dating to 6000 ± 500 or 18,000 ± 1000 C-14 yr BP. biomization scheme is capable of reproducing the modern broad-scale patterns of vegetation distribution. The north-south gradient in temperature, reflected in transitions from cool evergreen needleleaf forest in the extreme south through temperate rain forest or wet sclerophyll forest (WSFW) and into tropical forests, is well reconstructed. The transitions from xerophytic through sclerophyll woodlands and open forests to closed-canopy forests, which reflect the gradient in plant available moisture from the continental interior towards the coast, are reconstructed with less geographical precision but nevertheless the broad-scale pattern emerges. 2. Differences between the modern and mid-Holocene vegetation patterns in mainland Australia are comparatively small and reflect changes in moisture availability rather than temperature. In south-eastern Australia some sites show a shift towards more moisture-stressed vegetation in the mid-Holocene with xerophytic woods/scrub and temperate sclerophyll woodland and shrubland at sites characterized today by WSFW or warm-temperate rain forest (WTRF). However, sites in the Snowy Mountains, on the Southern Tablelands and east of the Great Dividing Range have more moisture-demanding vegetation in the mid-Holocene than today. South-western Australia was slightly drier than today. The single site in north-western Australia also shows conditions drier than today in the mid-Holocene. Changes in the tropics are also comparatively small, but the presence of WTRF and tropical deciduous broadleaf forest and woodland in the mid-Holocene, in sites occupied today by cool-temperate rain forest, indicate warmer conditions. 3. Expansion of xerophytic vegetation in the south and tropical deciduous broadleaf forest and woodland in the north indicate drier conditions across mainland Australia at the LGM. None of these changes are informative about the degree of cooling. However the evidence from the tropics, showing lowering of the treeline and forest belts, indicates that conditions were between 1 and 9 degreesC (depending on elevation) colder. The encroachment of tropical deciduous broadleaf forest and woodland into lowland evergreen broadleaf forest implies greater aridity. reconstruction of mid-Holocene and LGM vegetation patterns from Australia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific (SEAPAC region) using an objective biomization scheme. These data will provide a benchmark for evaluation of palaeoclimate simulations within the framework of the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project. [References: 284]

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 Dates: 2004
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: Other: BGC0719
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Title: Journal of Biogeography
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Oxford, Eng. : Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 31 (9) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1381 - 1444 Identifier: CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925512467
ISSN: 0305-0270