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  Immune response in Porcellio scaber (Isopoda: Oniscidea): copper revisited

Irmak, P., Kurtz, J., & Zimmer, M. (2005). Immune response in Porcellio scaber (Isopoda: Oniscidea): copper revisited. European Journal of Soil Biology, 41(3-4), 77-83.

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 Creators:
Irmak, Pinar, Author
Kurtz, Joachim1, Author           
Zimmer, Martin, Author
Affiliations:
1Department Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society, ou_1445634              

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Free keywords: Copper storage; Encapsulation; Hemocyanine; Hemocyte; Immune response; Melanisation; Pathogen infection; Phenol oxidation
 Abstract: Despite of numerous descriptive and experimental approaches, during the last 40 years, the function of vast copper stores in the midgut glands (hepatopancreas) of terrestrial isopods is still unknown. We tested the hypothesis that copper is involved in immune defence through the action of phenol-oxidising enzymes. We used Porcellio scaber fed on artificial diets with or without copper and with or without tyrosine for 2 months to reduce the copper store in the midgut glands and the tyrosine concentration in the hemolymph. To activate the immune response we implanted nylon filaments as artificial pathogens; we used phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph in vitro, and both cellular encapsulation and melanisation of filaments in vivo as measures of immune response. Isopods were capable of efficient immune reactions. Already 1 h after implantation of a nylon filament as an artificial pathogen, we observed heavy cellular encapsulation. At the same time, the implanted nylon filaments became partially covered with melanin that was likely due to hemolymph phenol oxidase (PO) activity. Hemolymph obtained from P. scaber also showed phenoloxidase activity in vitro, but to induce such activity, the addition of a denaturing detergent was necessary. Based on this, we propose that the hemocyanine of P. scaber can exert PO activity upon activation in vitro; whether, however, this process is of any significance in vivo is unclear. Our results on the effects of pre-experimental diets on immune response indicate that a deficiency of dietary copper might lead to the inability to raise and to regulate an efficient immune response, and thus, suggest an involvement of copper in immune response.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2005-12
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: eDoc: 250925
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2005.09.011
Other: 2433/S 38451
 Degree: -

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Title: 6th International Symposium on the Biology of Terrestrial Isopods
Place of Event: Univ Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Start-/End Date: 2005-07-12 - 2005-07-15

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Title: European Journal of Soil Biology
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 41 (3-4) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 77 - 83 Identifier: ISSN: 1164-5563