ausblenden:
Sprache(n):
eng - English
Datum:
2007-07-06
Publikationsstatus:
Angenommen
Seiten:
158,XIV S.
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe:
Kiel : Christian-Albrechts-Universität
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
Summary.......................................................................................................................1
Zusammenfassung........................................................................................................3
1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................5
1.1 Nitrogen cycle......................................................................................................5
1.2 Microorganisms and enzymes related to nitrification.........................................6
1.3 Microorganisms and enzymes related to denitrification....................................10
1.4 Molecular-based analysis of microbial diversity...............................................13
1.5 Purpose of the thesis..........................................................................................14
1.6 Thesis outline.....................................................................................................15
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS..........................................................................17
2.1 Sampling sites....................................................................................................17
2.2 Sample collection..............................................................................................18
2.3 Strains................................................................................................................18
2.4 DNA extraction and PCR..................................................................................18
2.4.1 16S rDNA of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria............................................19
2.4.2 Amplification of amo genes...................................................................19
2.4.3 amoA and pmoA genes...........................................................................20
2.4.4 nirK and nirS genes................................................................................20
2.5 Fingerprinting techniques..................................................................................20
2.5.1 Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)..................................20
2.5.2 Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)............20
2.6 Cloning and sequencing....................................................................................21
2.7 Diversity estimation of clone libraries..............................................................21
2.8 Phylogenetic analysis........................................................................................21
2.9 Nucleotide sequence accession numbers..........................................................22
2.10 Bioinformatic analyses for chapter I...............................................................22
2.10.1 Sequences and alignments...................................................................22
2.10.2 Primer analyses....................................................................................23
CONTENTS
3. RESULTS...............................................................................................................25
I Comparative analysis and description of PCR primers for ammoniamonooxygenase
genes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria...................................25
II Application of novel PCR strategies and sequence analysis to study the
amoCAB operon in beta ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.....................................41
III Comparative analysis of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities in two
lakes in North Germany and the Baltic Sea.....................................................53
IV Diversity of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes in the water column and
sediment of two lakes and the Baltic Sea.........................................................67
V Genetic diversity of the evolutionarily related enzymes ammonia
monooxygenase (AMO) and particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) in
two lakes and the Baltic Sea.............................................................................85
VI Distribution of nitrite reductase (nirK and nirS) genes in the water column and
sediment-water interface of two lakes and the Baltic Sea..............................105
4. DISCUSSION.......................................................................................................127
4.1 Diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB).............................................127
4.1.1 Strategy to study AOB in environments................................................127
4.1.2 Community comparison between 16S rDNA and amoA.......................128
4.1.3 Comparison of amoA and pmoA diversity.............................................129
4.2 Diversity of denitrifying bacteria.....................................................................130
4.2.1 Strategy to study denitrifying bacteria in environments......................130
4.1.2 Comparison of the diversity of nirK and nirS.......................................130
4.3 How many species are there?...........................................................................131
4.4 Selection pressure.............................................................................................132
4.4 Gene expression...............................................................................................132
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................135
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.....................................................................................153
CURRICULUM VITAE..........................................................................................155
ERKLÄRUNG..........................................................................................................157
Appendix A....................................................................................................................i
Appendix B.................................................................................................................vii
Art der Begutachtung:
-
Identifikatoren:
eDoc: 319760
Anderer: Diss/11482
Art des Abschluß:
Doktorarbeit
