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  Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms

Greiner, M., Mandel, O., Esslinger, T., Hänsch, T. W., & Bloch, I. (2002). Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms. Nature, 415(6867), 39-44. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v415/n6867/abs/415039a_fs.html.

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Greiner, M.1, Autor           
Mandel, O.1, Autor           
Esslinger, T., Autor
Hänsch, T. W.1, Autor           
Bloch, I.2, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Laser Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Max Planck Society, ou_1445568              
2Quantum Many Body Systems, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Max Planck Society, ou_1445570              

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 Zusammenfassung: For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body system when the relative strength of two competing energy terms is varied across a critical value. Here we observe such a quantum phase transition in a Bose-Einstein condensate with repulsive interactions, held in a three-dimensional optical lattice potential. As the potential depth of the lattice is increased, a transition is observed from a superfluid to a Mott insulator phase. In the superfluid phase, each atom is spread out over the entire lattice, with long-range phase coherence. But in the insulating phase, exact numbers of atoms are localized at individual lattice sites, with no phase coherence across the lattice; this phase is characterized by a gap in the excitation spectrum. We can induce reversible changes between the two ground states of the system.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2002-01-01
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
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Titel: Nature
  Alternativer Titel : Nature
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 415 (6867) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 39 - 44 Identifikator: ISSN: 0028-0836