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  The interplay between gesture and speech in the production of referring expressions: Investigating the tradeoff hypothesis

De Ruiter, J. P., Bangerter, A., & Dings, P. (2012). The interplay between gesture and speech in the production of referring expressions: Investigating the tradeoff hypothesis. Topics in Cognitive Science, 4, 232-248. doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01183.x.

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De Ruiter, Jan Peter1, 2, Author           
Bangerter, Adrian 3, Author
Dings, Paula4, Author
Affiliations:
1Faculty for Linguistics and Literary Studies, University of Bielefeld, ou_persistent22              
2Language and Cognition Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Nijmegen, NL, ou_792548              
3nstitute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, ou_persistent22              
4MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD Nijmegen, NL, ou_55201              

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Free keywords: Gesture; Pointing; Iconic gestures; Referring expressions; Speech production; Gesture–speech tradeoff; Gesture–speech redundancy
 Abstract: The tradeoff hypothesis in the speech–gesture relationship claims that (a) when gesturing gets harder, speakers will rely relatively more on speech, and (b) when speaking gets harder, speakers will rely relatively more on gestures. We tested the second part of this hypothesis in an experimental collaborative referring paradigm where pairs of participants (directors and matchers) identified targets to each other from an array visible to both of them. We manipulated two factors known to affect the difficulty of speaking to assess their effects on the gesture rate per 100 words. The first factor, codability, is the ease with which targets can be described. The second factor, repetition, is whether the targets are old or new (having been already described once or twice). We also manipulated a third factor, mutual visibility, because it is known to affect the rate and type of gesture produced. None of the manipulations systematically affected the gesture rate. Our data are thus mostly inconsistent with the tradeoff hypothesis. However, the gesture rate was sensitive to concurrent features of referring expressions, suggesting that gesture parallels aspects of speech. We argue that the redundancy between speech and gesture is communicatively motivated.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 20122012
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01183.x
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Title: Topics in Cognitive Science
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Wiley
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 4 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 232 - 248 Identifier: ISSN: 1756-8757