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Free keywords:
graphene; chemical vapor deposition;
photoelectron spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; nickel
Abstract:
How does your graphene grow? In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements during chemical vapor deposition on Ni catalyst films show that graphene forms both isothermally and by precipitation on cooling (see picture). A coherent graphene growth model is devised and sub-surface dissolved carbon is shown to play an important role.
