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キーワード:
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MPINP:
Präzisionsexperimente - Abteilung Blaum
要旨:
Atomic masses and hence binding energies of nuclides are of great importance for
studies of nuclear structure since they reflect all effective interactions in a nucleus.
Within this thesis the masses of seven nuclides, namely 194Au, 194Hg, 190,193,198Tl
and 202,208Pb, were determined at the Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP
at ISOLDE/CERN.
The thallium region in the chart of isotopes is of special interest due to the occurrence
of nuclear structure effects like low-lying isomers, level inversion, shape coexistence
and deformations. These effects are investigated by applying finite-difference mass
formulas, such as the two-neutron separation energies or the so-called empirical
pairing gaps. The second topic addressed within the present thesis is an ultra-stable
voltage source, called StaReP (Stable Reference for Penning Trap Experiments),
which was developed at the Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Kernphysik. It is one of the
key components of the high-precision mass spectrometer PENTATRAP, containing
a tower of five Penning traps. A 25-channel voltage source with a relative stability
of few 10−8 over a period of 10 minutes in the range of 0 to −100V is mandatory
for PENTATRAP aiming for mass measurements with relative mass uncertainties
of ≤ 10−11. Mass values with such a high precision allow for stringent tests of quantum
electrodynamics in strong electric fields, testing Einstein’s mass-energy relation
E = mc2 as well as measurements of decay energies (Q-values) with applications in
neutrino physics
